CONSULTING SERVICES TO DEVELOP A MODEL MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICE FINANCING FRAMEWORK

planning instruments by embedding financial sustainability into SWM planning and
investment pipelines.
RA 3: More inclusive and resilient urban services and infrastructure. Improving access to
urban infrastructure and services, as well as strengthening their resilience and sustainability
through inter alia, enhancing the capacity for planning, design and implementation of
climate-resilient and inclusive urban investments, developing asset registries and
management plans, and enhancing operation and maintenance budget of urban
institutions. The financing framework supports this RA by ensuring counties can sustainably
finance waste collection, treatment, and disposal infrastructure, while incorporating
climate-smart and circular economy solutions.
RA 4: Improved private sector engagement. Enhancing the private sector’s contribution to
urban planning and development through inter alia, supporting the development and
implementation of an engagement framework and promoting urban development plans
informed by dialogue with the private sector. This assignment will strengthen opportunities
for Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), community enterprises, and private investment in
recycling, composting, and EPR schemes, thereby enhancing service delivery efficiency and
innovation.
RA 5: Improved integrated development for refugees and host communities. Supporting
the transition of refugee camps into integrated host community and refugee settlements,
through inter alia, the establishment and capacity building of unified urban institutions to
lead joint planning, infrastructure and service delivery, and economic activity and social
cohesion interventions. Although indirectly related, the framework can be applied in
refugee-hosting municipalities to enhance waste service delivery and promote social
cohesion through community-led waste enterprises.
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1.2 More inclusive and resilient urban services and infrastructure
Result Area 3 of the Program seeks to strengthen institutional capacities of counties and
cities/ municipalities for improved delivery and resilience of urban infrastructure and
services. These is being implemented in line with the World Bank Environmental and Social
Framework, the Constitution of Kenya (2010), Vision 2030, Physical Land use Planning
Act, County Government Act, Urban Areas and Cities Act, Environmental Management
and Coordination Act CAP 387, the Climate Change Act cap 387A , and the Sustainable
Waste Management Act (2022) among applicable laws.
Solid Waste Management (SWM) remains one of the most pressing urban service delivery
challenges in Kenya. Counties, as mandated by the Constitution and the County
Governments Act (2012), are responsible for waste management service provision.
However, financing remains inadequate, fragmented, and heavily dependent on county
annual budgetary allocations. This constrains sustainable service delivery, infrastructure
investment, and the ability to leverage private sector participation.
The Sustainable Waste Management Act (2022), the Public Finance Management Act
(2012), the Public Private Partnership Act (2021), and Extended Producer Responsibility
(EPR) Regulations, 2024 provide an opportunity for counties to establish sustainable
financing mechanisms for waste management. The financing may include levies, user fees,
EPR contributions, polluter-pays schemes, PPPs, and climate finance instruments. Further
the counties should also develop the legal and institutional frameworks to operationalize
these mechanisms, ensure compliance, and guarantee transparency, accountability, and
equitable access.
The KUSP II therefore intends to engage consulting services to develop a Model Municipal
Solid Waste Management Service Financing Framework and a Model Legal Framework
that cities/ municipalities can adopt and adapt as per the local situations, to strengthen the
financial and institutional capacity of their solid waste management systems.
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2.0 Objectives of the Consultancy
Overall objective
The main objective of this consultancy is to design a comprehensive Model Municipal Solid
Waste Management Service Financing Framework and model legal framework that cities
can adopt to operationalize the financing framework.
Specific Objectives
Specifically, the consultancy seeks to:
i) Assess and analyze the current solid waste management financing landscape in Kenyan
Urban areas
ii) To assess National and County legal and regulatory provisions and bottlenecks that
would support or hinder financing of SWM at municipal levels, and recommend areas
of review and alignment
iii) Identify financial, institutional, and operational challenges in current SWM systems at
municipal levels that hinder sustainable, solid waste management and document local
initiatives and lessons learnt in resolving these challenges Review, evaluate existing
waste management practices and propose viable financing models from national,
regional, and global best practices.
iv) Develop a practical, policy-aligned model financing framework for municipal solid
waste management.Develop a model legal framework (by-law) to operationalize the

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